bell hooks, Laura Mulvey, Van Zoonen examples in movies

Mulvey argued that women were objectified in the media for the male gaze and that men are the center of attention in the media. Van Zoonen also has similar views but believes our ideas about gender change depending on the historical and cultural context. hooks also has similar views.

An example of these theories is from Star Wars' return of the Jedi. In Return of the Jedi, Princess Leia is made a slave and was dressed in a gold bikini. Mulvey believes that she was only dressed in this for the 'male gaze'. Carrie Fisher (Princess Leia) advised the new actress who had taken over her role to 'not be a slave like I was' and 'fight for your costumes'.